Dr Sneha Dinesh Patel, PhD
Specialist – Radiologist
Healthspring World Clinic
Ultrasound in Gynaecology
Women’s reproductive organs can be examined by two methods; a full urinary bladder (trans-abdominal (TAS)) and internally (trans-vaginal (TVS)). The women’s reproductive organs comprise of the uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries. On ultrasound, the uterus and the ovaries are visualized. Abnormally enlarged fallopian tubes may be seen occasionally.
First the lower abdomen (pelvis) is examined with a full urinary bladder (TAS method). The full bladder acts as a window for ultrasound waves, to visualize the organs. If we are unable to visualise the reproductive organs by the TAS method or if the lining of the uterus needs to be seen clearly (endometrium), then the TVS method is used. To perform a TVS ultrasound, the lady needs to pass urine completely. A drawback to this method is that it can only be performed on married women or sexually active women. Common indications for this ultrasound are; pain in the pelvis, menstrual irregularities or a precursor to a follicular study.
A follicular study is a performed over a period of days and involves visualizing the ovaries and endometrium. Its purpose is to see:
a. A growing follicle (A follicle is a fluid collection within the ovary that contains a viable egg).
b. Follow this follicle until it ruptures/breaks (i.e. ovulation). Once the follicle ruptures, the viable egg is released. We suggest when the couple, have sexual intercourse (in the next 48 hours) as to increase their chances conceiving a baby.
c. The appearance of the endometrium that confirms ovulation.
This study starts on the 12-14th day of the lady’s menstrual cycle and continues until ovulation results. Either, the TAS or the TVS method can be used for a, follicular study.
Ultrasound instructions
1. Visit you radiologist, 15 minutes earlier than your appointed time.
2. Carry your previous ultrasound reports with you.
3. Please drink 5-6 glasses of water and not pass urine, 60 minutes before the ultrasound appointment.
